دانلود رایگان مقاله اتلاف منابع داخلی سیستم

Abstract

Internal resource waste refers to the waste in theintermediate resources between the upstreamstage and downstream stage in a production or service system. This study examines a systemwith a two-stage structure, in which the outputs from the first stage are taken as the inputs for thesecond stage. Two-stage systems can exist in centralized, decentralized, or mixed organizationalmodes. In this paper, we propose two-stage DEA models considering a degree of centralizationthat makes it possible to measure internal resourcewaste in different system modes. Somemanagerial insights are tested and verified from the perspective of efficiency analysis. We findthat: 1) when there is only one intermediate measure in a centralized two-stage system, internalresource waste can be eliminated completely, and 2)a higher degree of centralization in atwo-stage system can lead to less internal resourcewaste and more expected outputs. Finally, wepresent a numerical example and two practical real-world examples that illustrate our approachand findings.

5.Conclusions

In this paper, we prove that a centralized production system leads to equal or reduced internalresource waste in a decentralized production system. We also examine the quantitativerelationship between degree of centralization and internal resource waste in a production system,and find that a higher level of centralization should result in less internal resource waste and more expected outputs. In addition, we find that anefficient centralized production systemcreates no waste when it has only one intermediatemeasure, which indicates that productionsystems should reduce their numbers of intermediatemeasures and unnecessary processes asmuch as possible. This insight supports managementapproaches that aim to simplify productionsystems’ internal processes.