ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
Turbine oils must be able to handle demanding conditions to support maximum efficiency and reliability. To help lower total cost of ownership, turbine operators are also looking towards oils that can increase oil drain intervals. Turbine oils must resist oxidation, separate air and water quickly and be low foaming. In years past, turbine oil development has focused on the use of traditional base oils including Group I, II and more recently Group III base oils. Technology is now available that utilizes gas-toliquid (GTL) base oils. GTL base oils are derived from natural gas and the manufacturing process allows the base oil to have a very narrow molecular range in comparison with traditional base oils. GTL base oils are essentially contaminant free and respond very well to additives such as antioxidants. Because of its purity, GTL base oil has excellent surface properties including very rapid air release, excellent antifoaming behavior and minimizes varnish. This paper will focus on the manufacture and performance properties of GTL base oils as well as physical and performance properties of turbine oils which contain GTL base oils.
Global Energy Challenge
The world today faces many challenges that will be propelled by a rising global population (9 billion people by 2050, up from today’s 6.7 billion or so) and strong economic growth in developing countries. That is consistent with the long-term trend of rising demand for energy. By 2050, energy demand could double or even triple from its level in 2000 if the world continues to use energy in the same way that it does today. (Reference needed)
چالش جهانی انرژی
امروز جهان با چالشهای بسیاری روبرو است که با افزایش جمعیت جهانی (9 میلیارد نفر تا سال 2050 و تا به امروز تقریباً 6.7 میلیارد) و افزایش رشد اقتصادی در کشورهای در حال توسعه افزایش خواهد یافت. این امر با روند طولانی مدت افزایش تقاضا برای انرژی مطابقت دارد. اگر جهان به همان صورتی که امروز از انرژی استفاده میکند همچنان از آن استفاده کند، تا سال 2050 تقاضای انرژی میتواند دو برابر یا حتی سه برابر میزان آن در سال 2000 شود. (منابع مورد نیاز است)