ترجمه مقاله استخراج مایع سیلابی روغن از بارو با کمک انرژی فراصوتی

Brazil has a large number of native forest species and fruits, and some of them proved to be good sources of nutrients, such as baru. The cumbaru or baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) is an important leguminous tree species from the Brazilian Cerrado. The oil extracted from the baru seeds has a high content of oleic and linoleic acid, which is widely used in pharmaceutical and food industries. The objective of this study was to obtain extracts of baru using supercritical fluid extraction with CO2 (SFE) assisted by ultrasound (US). About 500 g of baru seed were separated from the pulp and grounded. The seed were characterized in terms of proximate composition and fatty acids profile of the extracted oil by the Bligh and Dyer method. The SFE experiments were performed at temperature of 45 ± 3°C, pressure of 20 ± 0.5 MPa and CO2 flow rate of 0.5 ± 0.1 kg/h. To study the influence of ultrasonic waves in the extraction rate and yield, extractions were performed with and without ultrasound at power of 360 W. The moisture content of the baru seeds was 7.5 %, and the extracted oil showed a predominant presence of unsaturated fatty acids. The yield obtained in first hour of extraction without ultrasound was of 13 % (kg extract /kg sample) while the yield obtained at the same time for the ultrasound at 360 W SFE were near 24 %. The kinetics extraction curve for the US assisted extraction showed a shorter constant extraction rate period (tCER) compared to extraction without ultrasound. The global yield for the SFE experiments with and without ultrasound was 37.45 % and 36.37 %, respectively. These values are similar to total lipids obtained by the Bligh and Dyer method (35 %), which indicates that SFE-CO2 is effective for the extraction of lipids from baru seeds.