REFLECTIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
In the Singapore hotel, legitimation of SEMSs has been reinforced by global corporate level inspired inculcation of shared social and environmental values and objectives cascaded down through the hotel chain and reinforced through its program of certifications and awards. This has effectively constituted the exercise of SEMC particularly via staff and management signification and legitimation structuring. Yet at the same time, a dialectic of control has been observable through the bottom up expression of employee values and their clear personal commitments to practically advancing a social and environmental agenda in their hotel. This was evident in both the organisation’s local culture, its symbolism and through staff actions and initiatives. They emerged as knowledgeable and articulate in explaining and advancing their interpretive schemes and related SEMSs. Hence social and environmental strategy and control are philosophically framed and controlled top-down, but implemented and also controlled bottom-up. Nonetheless, the required financial business case control created both domination structuring in the thinking of staff and management, who then embedded that into their approaches to developing social and environmental proposals and trialling that in turn reflected their own signification and legitimation structuring. This shapes the form and pace of social and environmental initiatives and their manner of implementation within the hotel. For example both legitimation and domination structures appeared to be at play as employees have adopted incremental approaches to SEMS proposals and implementation.