دانلود رایگان مقاله استاندارد سازی استراتژیک سیستم های هوشمند یک فرایند نقشه برداری در حمایت از نوآوری

abstract

With increasing awareness among policymakers and other stakeholders of the importance of standards in supporting innovation, many national governments and standards organisations are taking strategic foresight approaches to standardisation. This is especially the case for ICT-based ‘smart systems’, where an increasing number of different technologies and systems are interconnected to each other, involving a complex variety of actors. Roadmapping is a widely used tool to support such strategic policy processes, yet there remain significant challenges in terms of structuring and managing roadmapping exercises. This paper proposes a systematic process of managing roadmapping practices to develop effective strategies for standardisation in support of innovation. Based on literature regarding public-level strategy roadmaps and reviews of existing standardisation roadmapping exercises, a more systematic process has been developed, incorporating activities and tools to address increased challenges associated with standardisation in such complex areas. The findings of the research not only provide guidance on how roadmapping processes can be structured and organised to more effectively address standardisation issues in innovation strategies for smart systems, but also highlight policy implications, including potential roles for government in supporting standardisation efforts.

6. Concluding remarks

This paper presents a novel systematic process model for supporting future-oriented analyses of standardisation designed, in particular, for highly complex heterogeneous smart systems, where there are increased challenges of achieving interoperability between systems with different technological bases. The proposed process is intended to better support the effective organisation, management, and governance of standardisation roadmapping exercises, ensuring that appropriate attention is given to diverse stakeholder interests, as well as complex technology and policy considerations of smart systems. Based on public-level strategic roadmapping processes presented in existing literature, the process has been developed through the study of five major standardisation roadmapping exercises in various smart system domains. The case studies provide insights into the growing challenges and potential for system failures associated with complex standardisation efforts, particularly in emerging technologies with interdisciplinary systems nature, involving various stakeholders from different organisations and disciplines. The study also provides illustrative examples of specific activities and tools that may be effective in addressing these challenges, as highlighted in an in-depth case study of the NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards. Useful practices for addressing some of the organisational challenges of standardisation in smart systems include: gathering existing information for increased efficiency; establishing common definitions of fundamental concepts and developing system architectures at an early stage; and structured methods of use cases to identify standards gaps. Developing system architectures is found to be particularly useful in supporting stakeholder communications and strategic standardisation in complex, heterogeneous areas of smart systems. In addition, other policy implications are drawn out, including issues of participating stakeholders and important roles of government (particularly in areas where there are issues for national competitiveness, security, and societal infrastructure) in standardisation foresight exercises.