دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی SpEED-IoT: اسپکتروم مسیریابی موثر آگاه از میزان انرژی برای ارتباطات دستگاه به دستگاه اینترنت اشیا - نشریه الزویر

abstract

In order to meet the growing demands for high-throughput, cost-effective, and energy efficient solution for the emerging device-to-device (D2D) based Internet of Things (IoT) communication, Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) and sharing based protocols have been proposed. However, due to the temporal and spatial transience of spectrum utilization by licensed incumbents, optimal spectrum resource management becomes critical for: (a) effective D2D communication without disrupting the licensed incumbents, and (b) sustained operation in a multi-hop mesh environment due to the inherent energy constraint of IoT devices. In this paper, we propose SpEED-IoT: Spectrum aware Energy- Efficient multi-hop multi-channel routing scheme for D2D communication in IoT mesh network. We assume the knowledge of a radio environment map (REM) obtained through dedicated spectrum sensors that capture the spatio-temporal spectrum usage. We exploit such REMs to propose a multi-hop routing scheme that finds the: (a) best route, (b) best available channels at each hop along the route, and (c) optimal transmission power for each hop. SpEED-IoT also employs an evolutionary game theoretic route allocation model to sustain parallel D2D communication. SpEED-IoT ensures: (i) licensed incumbent protection, (ii) IoT device energy preservation, (iii) effective end-to-end data rate optimization, and (iv) fast convergence and fair route assignment among interfering D2D communications. Through simulation-driven GENI-based IoT testbed, we evaluate SpEED-IoT’s performance in terms of: (a) ensuring connectivity and reachability among the IoT devices under varying spectrum usage conditions, (b) data rate optimization of the assigned routes and the overall IoT network, (c) effectiveness in licensed incumbent protection, and (d) degree of fairness while assigning routes to multiple interfering devices.

7. Conclusions and future work

In this paper we discussed the challenges of DSA based secondary routing in a D2D IoT network. We proposed SpEED-IoT, a spectrum aware, energy efficient multi-channel multi-hop routing technique among IoT devices with the aid of a spectrum map created by ESC sensors. A transmission power control based selective flooding technique is proposed to spread the route requests in the network without causing network wide transmission overhead. We analyzed the connectivity condition among IoT devices using such methods. As part of the SpEED-IoT scheme, an evolutionary game theoretic model is also proposed that uses a dynamic learning algorithm to assign conflict free end-to-end routes to interfering SD pairs without compromising effective data rate and assignment fairness. Using an extensive simulation based testbed evaluation, we showed the SpEED-IoT performance in terms of ensuring IoT network connectivity, end-to-end data rate optimization, primary receiver protection, and route assignment fairness.

As part of future work, we will analyze the performance of our proposed scheme both theoretically and experimentally for different primary environments and IoT networks in terms of operational spectrum bands (such 3.5 GHz, TV white space), primary transmission characteristics, spectrum characteristics, and heterogeneous secondary IoT device communication mode/capabilities (full duplex). Finally, as part of long-term future plans, we plan to implement the proposed scheme and its future extensions into a newly developed software-defined radio enabled indoor IoT testbed for empirical results.