دانلود رایگان مقاله سطح، مراحل و تم ها از همکاری توام با رقابت

Abstract

There is increasing interest among management scholars in “coopetition”, which is simultaneous cooperation and competition between at least two actors. The research interest in coopetition has grown remarkably in the past few years on a variety of levels of analysis, including the intra-firm level, the inter-firm level, and the network level. However, this research has emerged along tracks that are often disconnected, and involves different terminologies, theoretical lenses, and topics. Accordingly, scholars have called for consolidation and synthesis that makes it possible to develop a coherent understanding of the coopetition concept and that reconciles its inherent heterogeneity. In this study, the authors address this issue by means of a systematic literature review that gathers, analyzes, and synthesizes coopetition research. Current knowledge on coopetition is consolidated and presented across multiple levels of analysis along a phase model of coopetition. On the basis of this in-depth review, the authors synthesize a conceptual map that highlights five multilevel research areas: (1) the nature of the relationship, (2) governance and management, (3) the output of the relationship, (4) actor characteristics, and (5) environmental characteristics. The major research themes are identified for each of these areas, enabling the authors to suggest future research avenues.

6. Conclusion

Our review has provided a comprehensive overview of coopetition over the last two decades. Complementing and extending other articles in the field, this study has collected and analyzed the literature and theoretical lenses on the topic coopetition through the systematic review approach. We have organized the identified studies along a phase model that provides a clear overview of coopetition research. The framework makes it possible to map extant research efforts along coopetition antecedents and the three main phases: the initiation phase, the managing and shaping phase, and the evaluation phase. This approach has made it possible to incorporate multiple levels (intra-firm, inter-firm, and network level), integrating the “emergent” perspective on coopetition (“phenomenon”) (e.g., Mariani, 2007), and considering it as a deliberate strategy (e.g., Quintana-García & Benavides-Velasco, 2004). Based on this systematization, we have been able to provide a conceptual map of coopetition research with central themes along the five major research areas: (1) the nature of the relationship, (2) governance and management, (3) the output of the relationship, (4) actor characteristics, and (5) environmental characteristics. In all of these areas, we have suggested challenging yet promising and important avenues for future research. Overall, we are confident that our study offers a valuable systematization and consolidation of extant research and will serve as a platform for future research efforts in this area.