دانلود رایگان مقاله شغل سازی و نقش رفتار اضافی : نقش تعامل با کار و شکوفایی

Abstract

This study investigates whether crafting of job demands and resources relates positively to extra-role behavior (i.e. contextual performance and creativity) through work engagement and flourishing. We collected data from 294 employees and their supervisors regarding employees’ contextual performance and creativity. Results show that seeking resources had a positive indirect relationship with contextual performance through work engagement, and with creativity through work engagement and flourishing. Reducing demands had negative indirect relationships with both contextual performance and creativity through work engagement. We conclude that particularly seeking resources has important implications for extra-role behavior and discuss the practical implications of these findings.

Discussion

The goal of this study was to examine whether job crafting strategies of employees are related to more extra-role behavior as rated by the supervisor and whether this occurs through work engagement and flourishing. The findings of the present study suggested that the more individuals seek resources at work, the more engaged they are in their work and the more they flourish in their life. Simplifying one’s job does not seem to be an effective strategy as the more employees reduced job demands, the less engaged they were in their job, whereas their level of flourishing was unaffected. Seeking challenges did not have additional value in predicting either work engagement or flourishing. Furthermore, work engagement proved to have a strong positive relationship with work functioning that goes beyond formal job requirements. Specifically, the more engaged employees were, the higher the ratings they received from their supervisor regarding their creativity and contextual performance. Flourishing employees were perceived to be more creative but not to exhibit higher contextual performance by their supervisors. Thus, it seems that work engagement and flourishing form conditional experiences explaining the sequence through which job crafting relates to extra-role behavior.