5. Final thoughts
Looking ahead, there is little reason to believe innovation is going to become less of a priority for companies. Similarly, innovation isn’t going to become easier unless leaders commit to an enduring effort to create the sort of context within which innovation can occur (see Drucker, 1985/2002). Consideration of the efforts undertaken by the companies we studied shows how important structure, systems, and culture are to successfully executing innovation in a manner that produces the sort of results leaders are looking for. The first step toward improving return on innovation is to understand where the bottleneck occurs. It would actually make life simpler if the bottleneck had to do with people. People can be trained or replaced with relatively little disruption. Unfortunately, the true bottleneck is often the result of an inappropriate or misaligned element of structure, systems, or culture. Such problems are much more difficult to fix, but unless leadership commits resources to creating and then maintaining alignment, little else good will come from efforts to grow from innovation.