دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی شهر های هوشمند: رویکردی شبکه ای در مدیریت سازمان ها - امرالد 2017

Abstract

Purpose – The smart city idea refers to new ways of organising city functions and urban life, which are believed to move production and consumption from global to local, manufacturing from competitive to collaborative, and business from a shareholder to a multiple-stakeholder point of view. Most previous research has focussed on the societal level of smart cities, while less seems to be known about the management of business as part of smart cities. The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review on the state of the art of management research on smart cities. The following research question is addressed: How has previous research captured the management of organisations in smart cities? Design/methodology/approach – A literature review using the search term “smart city/cities” in research on business, management, and operational management was conducted for the purpose of capturing previous research. Findings were coded based on main ideas, central concepts, and theories, thematic content of the articles related to the main ideas underpinning smart cities (digitalization, urbanisation, and sustainability as antecedents, and local, collaborative and multiple-stakeholder manufacturing as indicators), and units of analysis. Findings – The paper points to how most studies on the management of organisations as part of smart cities focus on sustainability and how digitalisation enables new businesses. Collaborative efforts are emphasised and the theoretical framing is fragmented. Issues related to the organising of business is also not problematised and the business network approach could, as discussed in the paper, provide valuable insights related to the collaborative efforts of organisations and the multiple-stakeholder perspective. Originality/value – The paper is the first to capture and present an overview of previous research on the management of business as part of smart cities. Research on smart cities has focussed on the policy and societal levels, and so far there is a lack of problematisation on how organisations may act, and potentially change their way of acting, should smart cities become a reality.

6. Conclusions and managerial implications

This paper presented a literature review on the state of the art of the management of business in smart cities, and asked: RQ1. How has previous research captured the management of organisations in smart cities? According to this paper’s literature review, the current knowledge on smart cities describes them in many different ways, and provides more empirical illustrations on what smart cities could look like than it theorises around their existence. Most descriptions concern the societal level – the city as such or specific administrative functions. Societal pressure is expected to lead to increased focus on environmentally-friendly solutions, while digitalisation/ICT may emphasise collaboration and also lead to localised production. The business network approach helps to problematise issues related to the management of organisations as part of smart cities through specifically pointing at interdependencies, dynamics, and mutual adaptations between societal and business levels. This would create an improved understanding for the consequences of smart cities on organisational levels, while giving limited answers to how the companies should manage in the smart cities.