دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی حالت ارتجاعی ساختار پل جدا با اثر متقابل ساختار خاک - اشپرینگر 2017

Abstract

Assessment of failure probabilities is one of the key points to define the seismic resilience (SR) of systems. Evaluation of the most proper countermeasure—such as retrofitting, recovery, or reconstruction—to return to the original functionality is a crucial issue, which has to deal with economic limitations. In this regard, bridges are fundamental for the network serviceability and communities’ functionality during earthquakes, and in case of emergencies, their accessibility must be guaranteed. In this background, the paper aims at evaluating SR of a benchmark bridge improving its performance by means of isolation technique. It is based on the application of a performancebased earthquake engineering methodology, by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research center. Isolation technique contribution is assessed in terms of costs and time quantities with peak ground velocity levels. These outcomes have been applied to estimate the SR of the bridge and thus proposing an attempt of application to a real case study. Recovery costs and time have been implemented inside the traditional definition of resilience and its calculation has been used to assess different scenarios. The paper can be considered as a reference to evaluate recovery procedures by assessing economic performances. Such approach is fundamental for decision makers, stakeholders, professional engineers, and consultants as well.

Conclusions

The study conducted in this paper may be viewed as an original contribution to the assessment of SR of a benchmark bridge taking into consideration economic performance in terms of repair costs and time. In particular, SSI effects have been assessed by comparing different configurations where isolation technique is applied. The mutual effect of soil and isolations properties has been studied to assess the best isolated configuration able to fit the different non-linear conditions of the soil, by applying a PBEE approach. The resilience of the structure has been calculated by applying the classical formulation with some assumptions regarding the recovery functions. This formulation is able to include the performance quantities deduced by PBEE methodology (RT and RCR) that are functions of a selected intensity measure (PGV in the paper). The formulation is general and the paper can be considered a first application of such formulation to the specific case of the presented benchmark bridge. Further analysis will aim to reproduce more cases of bridges and to develop the formulation with more sophisticated parameters and assumptions.