دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی روابط بین رضایت، ادراک سر و صدا و استفاده از فضاهای سبز شهری - الزویر 2018

abstract

Nowadays, urban design without green spaces is inconceivable. Environmental, social, and economic benefits generated by green spaces are essential to maintain the health and quality of life of the population and to control pollution. Therefore, urban planners and city leaders should know the interactions between the features of green spaces, the sociodemographic characteristics of users, and the type of use. In addition, in some studies, noise was found to be an essential factor in the perception of these green spaces. For this purpose, surveys and sound measurements were carried out simultaneously in different locations of the main green spaces of Cáceres city. The results of this study show that noise satisfaction has the greatest significant relationship with overall satisfaction with green spaces. Different features, including satisfaction with the absence of noise, can explain 71.4% of the overall satisfaction. Road traffic is the most annoying sound source, but the degree of noise annoyance is lower than that estimated for other urban environments with similar sound levels. Walking and talking activities, emotions of fear and irritability, and interruptions to conversation are most often affected by noise in these urban environments. Another conclusion obtained is that the highest significant correlation coefficients are between noise perception by users and both the equivalent continuous linear weighted sound level and sharpness. Lastly, the green-space use determines differences and significant relationships with the sociodemographic characteristics. Also, the places in green spaces where people frequently perform walking and relaxation activities have the lowest sound levels. Therefore, noise is a statistically relevant factor to be considered in the design of green spaces.

Conclusions

The analysis of urban green spaces is important for their management and future design. These areas need to be conserved and/or improved due to the social, environmental, and economic functions they have in the urban environment. A study was carried out in Cáceres green spaces by means of surveys and sound measurements. The analysis of user satisfaction with the features of urban green spaces leads to the following conclusions: – Users show satisfaction levels of “quite satisfied” to “very satisfied” with regard to the features of green spaces except for the aspects related to environmental contamination such as air quality and noise. These environmental features have the highest significant relationship with the overall satisfaction with the green space. – Noise satisfaction is the only studied feature of green spaces that has not increased in the last six years. That fact could be the reason why the increase in overall satisfaction with green spaces over these years is not significant. – Together with the satisfaction with other users, conservation, and shade, noise satisfaction correctly predicts 71.4% of the variability of overall satisfaction with green spaces.