دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی حریم خصوصی، رضایت و شبکه های ادهاک وسیله نقلیه (VANETs) - الزویر 2018

ABSTRACT

The consent model of privacy protection assumes that individuals control their personal information and are able to assess the risks associated with data sharing. The model is attractive for policy-makers and automakers because it has the effect of glossing over the conceptual ambiguities that are latent in definitions of privacy. Instead of formulating a substantive and normative position on what constitutes a reasonable expectation of privacy in the circumstance, individuals are said to have control over their data. Organizations have obligations to respect rights to notice, access and consent regarding the collection, use and disclosure of personal data once that data has been shared. The policy goal becomes how to provide individuals with control over their personal data in the consent model of privacy protection. This paper argues that the privacy issues raised by vehicular ad hoc networks make this approach increasingly untenable. It is argued that substantive rules that establish a basic set of privacy norms regarding the collection, use and disclosure of data are necessary. This can be realized in part via a privacy code of practice for the connected vehicle. This paper first explores the relationship between privacy, consent and personal information in relation to the connected car. This is followed by a description of vehicular ad hoc networks and a survey of the technical proposals aimed at securing data. The privacy issues that will likely remain unsolved by enhancing individual consent are then discussed. The last section provides some direction on how a code of practice can assist in determining when individual consent will need to be enhanced and when alternatives to consent will need to be implemented.

6. Conclusion

VANETs have the potential to greatly improve the transportation infrastructure by providing safety and convenience by enabling communication between vehicles, infrastructure networks and pedestrians. The data generated by the deployment of such networks are a critical source of consumer data which has the potential to significantly weaken privacy. The current focus on individual consent in data protection law, policy discussion and industry practice has the effect of leaving a broader set of privacy issues to go unaddressed. This paper has argued that while consent remains important, privacy law and policy cannot remain neutral with respect to data that is being collected, used and disclosed in this context. The development and codification of privacy norms in VANETs would assist in making substantive decisions making easier to understand regarding what is being protected (and what is not). The development of a privacy code of practice for the connected vehicles would draw attention to inappropriate data handling practices that may otherwise go unnoticed and assist individuals in understanding the data they are entitled to control. It would also place boundaries on the sharing of location data by third parties and provide softer default rules on the use of non-personally identifiable information would make it easier for individuals to appreciate how their privacy is being protected. It would also enable individuals to demand services to be provided in more minimally intrusive ways. While grappling with these issues will remain a challenge, avoiding these very real problems under the thin veil of consent will not make them go away.