دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی تجزیه و تحلیل کیفی الگوی اثر انگشت اولیه در گروه های خونی و جنسیت مختلف در نپال - هینداوی 2018

Dermatoglyphics, the study of epidermal ridges on palm, sole, and digits, is considered as most effective and reliable evidence of identification. The fingerprints were studied in 300 Nepalese of known blood groups of different ages and classified into primary patterns and then analyzed statistically. In both sexes, incidence of loops was highest in ABO blood group and Rh +ve blood types, followed by whorls and arches, while the incidence of whorls was highest followed by loops and arches in Rh −ve blood types. Loops were higher in all blood groups except “A –ve” and “B –ve” where whorls were predominant. The fingerprint pattern in Rh blood types of blood group “A” was statistically significant while in others it was insignificant. In middle and little finger, loops were higher whereas in ring finger whorls were higher in all blood groups. Whorls were higher in thumb and index finger except in blood group “O” where loops were predominant. This study concludes that distribution of primary pattern of fingerprint is not related to gender and blood group but is related to individual digits.

4. Conclusion

The purpose of this study is to correlate the relationship between various patterns of fingerprints and “ABO” blood groups and “Rh” blood types in Nepalese males and females. Although we know that fingerprints are never alike and they never change from birth till death, this study is an attempt made to associate fingerprints with sex, different blood groups, and Rh blood types which may in turn enhance the authenticity of fingerprints in identification and forensic medicine and also can be used for possible prediction of certain diseases. From the present study the following conclusions are drawn: (i) Loops are the most commonly found fingerprint pattern and arches are the least common in both males and females and also in “ABO” blood groups. (ii) The frequency of loops is highest followed by whorls and arches in Rh +ve blood types, while the incidence of whorls is highest followed by loops and arches in Rh −ve blood types. (iii) Our results reveal highest incidence of loops in middle and little finger in all blood groups, while the whorls are commonly seen in ring finger in all blood groups. The frequencies of whorls are also highest in index finger and thumb in all blood groups except in blood group “O” where loops are frequently present. (iv) From this study we can conclude that distribution of primary pattern of fingerprint is not related to gender and ABO and Rh blood group, but its distribution is related to individual digits of both hands (Tables 2–6).