ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
ABSTRACT
The aim of the paper is to show how Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design Part 1: General Rules (EC7) could be developed in order to be in accordance with practise in rock engineering and construction. A main feature is the geological uncertianties, which imply that a risk based approch should be used. The use of Geotechnical Category (GC) has therefore to be improved by (1) combining the consequences of a failure to the geological uncertainties before excavation, and (2) combining the consequences to the ground quality found after excavation. Three GC classes are needed to properly use the GC in rock construction. The paper further describes how GC influences the design, which design method to be applied. It also outlines the types of control, inspection and supervision to be applied in the various GC classes during various stages of a project. An example is presented showing how GC can be determined at various stages of a rock construction.
Conclusion
The General Rules of Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design Part 1 is not directly applicable in rock engineering design work. The principle can be applied, but the special context emanating from geological uncertainties and related risks must be considered. Classification of risk level by Geotechnical Category (GC) is usable, but has to be improved by (1) combining the consequences of a failure to the geological uncertainties before excavation, and (2) combining the consequences and the ground quality found after excavation. The GC classes may vary along the rock excavation and during various stages of a project in relation to different risk situation and risk level. The geological risks incorporated in the Geotechnical Category (GC) also influence the types of control, inspection and supervision to be applied during design and construction. An example is presented showing how the GC can be determined at various stages of rock constructions.