دانلود رایگان مقاله مدل سازی علمی با دستگاه سیار در آزمایشگاه فیزیک دبیرستان

Abstract

Scientific modeling is thought to help students understand the world and scientific phenomenon. Science laboratory in school should provide well-designed activities to promote students' model building skills. Thus, this study aims to propose microcomputer based labs with several data acquisition tools and a modeling tool, which can assist students to collect and visualize data in faster and fancier ways, and generate mathematical models to fit the data, thus exercising their skills of scientific modeling. Thirty-two high school students participated in the science laboratory courses within two semesters for four labs. Results showed that students' overall success rates of model building were approaching 50%; the duration of participants' modeling time decreased with the increase of the experimental labs; the benefits of doing physics labs with smartphones were confirmed by the success rates, personal preferences, and students' feedback. Regarding students' spontaneous model building behavior in the first lab, almost 90% of the participants fitted data with linear equation; most participants adjusted coefficients to fit the data, instead of changing the highest degree of equation; and different strategies were used by successful participants and the others. These results indicated that the combination of modern data acquisition tools and fitting data with a modeling tool would provide an alternative and meaningful approach to doing physics labs at high school.

5. Discussion and conclusions

In the new era when creativity and innovations cannot be overemphasized, the ability of scientific modeling is especially critical in science learning. Although many researchers adopted MBL as a powerful tool in guiding inquiry and improving learners' higher order learning skills, few of them emphasize the ability of proposing explicit mathematical models to explain the data acquired from experiments. In addition, the experimental equipment of MBL can be quite expensive, resulting in its low accessibility for teachers. To address these issues, the current study adopted several less expensive but not less precise data acquisition tools as well as InduLab to improve MBL and enhance scientific modeling skills. Mobile phones, NXT, and DV can be used to simplify data logging and improve the accuracy of the raw data. Moreover, InduLab can visualize the data as graph plots. With immediate visual and fitness error feedback, students can see the corresponding graphs with the mathematical models they proposed. With these cues, students are able to revise and improve the model by reducing the fitness error, thus exercising their scientific modeling skills. The physics labs with the above hardware and software tools help to create a realistic context of scientific inquiry at a school setting. The learners could really experience some of the pains and joys of doing scientific experiments like a scientist.