دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی سلامت روان و طراحی شهری - منطقه بندی در PTSD - اشپرینگر 2017

Abstract

The review firstly explores the relationship between mental health and urban design, pursuing the role of urban design in both health promotion and illness prevention against the mental illness epidemics, by conducting a comprehensive literature search; secondly, a systematic literature search is conducted to explore the relationship between urban design and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) specifically. Apparently, health in general and urban design do share a solid history, however, even though mental health/urban design relationship has been increasing over the past 20, they seem to share a weak historical relationship, and even recent research that tries to define links between the two is still preliminary. On the other hand, a gab in knowledge can be addressed regarding the relationship between PTSD and urban design.

Conclusion and Discussion

A historical relationship between health and urban design has emerged and disappeared as the disciplines drifted toward and away from each other to finally meet again in the early twentyfirst century.

While it is clear that no relationships between mental health and urban design were noticed before the late twentieth century, the mentioned cases of integration between urban design and other health sectors in this review can be looked at as steps that led to the urban design/ mental health sector relationship in the end. The same logic can be applied on the usage of the natural environment elements in urban design, as they drew the attention to the importance of these elements, which could be the first unintentional step towards the mental health\urban design relationship as the elements of the natural environment are an essential part in this relationship as we know it today.

In other words, as a combined understanding, the disciplines of public health and urban design have been of help in combat epidemics due to pollution and infectious disease. Today’s public health problems such as mental health disorders can again be addressed by this multidisciplinary confluence. This hypothesis is supported by many recent empirical studies in psychology and urban design which give a general acknowledgement that the environment has an epi and ecophenomenal impact on mental and physical health, however, the features of environment that may affect mental health and any theories regarding this matter need to be empirically verified. Along with new discoveries about epi- and ecophenomenal impacts on the brain, body and even genes, it seems legitimate to say that better understanding the mental health\urban design relationship, can be helpful to design for a better living environment.

In addition, the gap in knowledge regarding the aforementioned relationship when it comes to PTSD should be covered with epidemical studies as understanding the effects of both the natural and the designed environment on people living with PTSD could have considerable results in urgent cases of urban design such as post-war reconstruction where special measures for mental health should be considered.