دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی اثرات درمان چاقی بر اختلالات خواب - الزویر 2018

Summary

Obesity is a significant risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and has also been linked to reductions in sleep quality and quantity. Weight loss has been shown to be an effective treatment for improving OSAS; however, there is a high degree of variability in improvements of OSAS in response to weight loss. There are three modalities of obesity therapies: 1) lifestyle modification, which includes changes in dietary intake and physical activity, along with behavioral interventions; 2) pharmacologic agents; and 3) bariatric surgery. Individuals have a highly variable response to the various obesity interventions, and maintenance of weight loss can be especially challenging. These factors influence the effect of weight loss on sleep disorders. There is still a need for large, well-controlled studies examining short- and longterm efficacy of weight loss modalities and their impact on long-term treatment of OSAS and other sleep parameters, particularly in youth. Nonetheless, given our current knowledge, weight reduction should always be encouraged for people coping with obesity, OSAS, and/or sleep disruptions and resources identified to assist patients in choosing a weight loss approach that will benefit them the most.

Conclusions

Obesity is associated with OSAS and disruptions in sleep duration and quality. The reader is referred to two articles in this issue, “Epidemiology of sleep in relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome” and “Sleep influences on obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome” for closer examination. Initial lifestyle, pharmacological and surgical therapy studies suggest that weight loss is associated with improvements in OSAS, sleep duration, and sleep quality, although with a high degree of variability in improvements observed. More research is needed to assess long-term effects of weight loss, as well as mechanisms of action, by different weight loss modalities on OSAS, insomnia, sleep duration, and sleep quality. Currently, long-term studies are promising with greater response for OSAS with those who maintain weight loss, especially in the pediatric population, who may experience significant long-term health benefits. Given our current knowledge, weight reduction should always be encouraged for people living with obesity, OSAS, and/or sleep disruptions and resources identified to assist patients in choosing a weight loss approach that will benefit them the most.