دانلود رایگان مقاله تاثیر وسایل نقلیه الکتریکی بر نقشه های نویز شهری

Abstract

The electric vehicle is the best-positioned alternative to the ICE conventional vehicle become of, among other reasons, its environment friendly properties. One of its most significant properties is its quiet electric engine which can be a good tool for decreasing noise pollution in cities. In this respect, the electric vehicle can be acoustically assessed from different points of view; on the one hand, as a moving point source, its detectability or annoyance for pedestrians can be studied, and, on the other hand, as part of the traffic flow in a road its effect on the whole noise map. In this paper the effect of introducing a flow of electric vehicles into real urban traffic has been studied and quantified. For this purpose, experimental procedures were used to add to the NMPB ROUTES noise prediction model of the electric vehicle as a potential noise source in the traffic flow. Several conditions have been analysed and was evaluated the change in the number of citizens exposed to diverse ranges of noise levels.

4. Conclusions

The work presented in this paper describes the expected noise effects of EVs on noise maps, and it has been developed by means of measurements and simulation of the noise emitted by an EV. The simulations have been based on a modification of the French Noise Prediction Model NMPB ROUTES and results have been shown for four different cases: – Electric vehicle running in free field traffic lane. – Electric vehicle equipped with AVAS running in free field traffic lane. – Electric vehicle running in a real urban area. – Electric vehicle equipped with AVAS running in a real urban area. It could be expected that the emergence of traffic flow without engine noise would improve the environmental acoustic conditions, but the results of the present study indicate that considering extra-urban speeds, i.e. above 50 km/h, the benefits are poor or negligible due to the dominant contribution of rolling noise. When a whole flow of EVs running at 30 km/h is studied in a free field lane, the estimated reduction of the sound pressure level is 2 dB, if all light vehicles are electrics and heavy vehicles do not appear in the simulation.