6. Conclusions
This paper examines the relationship between the level of CSR and earnings quality and whether controlling shareholders affect the relationship. We find a positive relationship between the level of CSR and earnings quality in China. This relationship is significant at POEs but not significant at SOEs. In addition, among SOEs, the relationship is weaker at CGCEs than at LGCEs.
Overall, our results are consistent with the transparent financial reporting theory. They indicate that companies with a high level of CSR behave in a responsible manner to restrict earnings management, delivering more transparent and reliable financial information to investors. Our results are consistent with prior research (Carnegie and Napier, 2010; Kim et al., 2012; Laux and Leuz, 2009) and reinforce the uniqueness of CSR practices from the perspective of controlling shareholders in China. Unlike SOEs, the managers of POEs tend to report CSR practices voluntarily and deliver transparent financial statements and maintain a good reputation. Therefore, the relationship between the level of CSR and earnings quality is more significant at POEs. SASAC imposes mandatory CSR reporting requirements on CGCEs, its dual-task characteristics of CGCEs that weaken the relationship between the level of CSR and earnings quality, unlike at LGCEs.