دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی نتایج استرس شغلی در سلامت روانی معلمان - اشپرینگر 2017

Abstract

This chapter examines research on the relationship between job stressors and mental health (depressive symptoms, burnout, and mental disorders such as depression) in teachers. Teachers are exposed daily to job stressors (e.g., student disruptiveness) that have been linked to adverse mental health effects. Epidemiologic research indicates that when compared to members of other groups, teachers experience higher rates of mental disorder, although some studies question that conclusion. Large-scale studies indicate when compared to members of other occupational groups, teachers are at higher risk for exposure to workplace violence, with its adverse mental health consequences. Longitudinal research has linked teachingrelated stressors to depressive and psychosomatic symptoms, alcohol consumption, and burnout. Research on the efficacy of workplace coping has been weak. Recent research suggests that burnout may be better conceptualized as a depressive syndrome than a separate entity.

3.7 Conclusions

A number of studies (Dollard & Bakker, 2010; González-Morales et  al., 2010; Llorens-Gumbau & Salanova-Soria, 2014; Schonfeld, 2001; Shirom et al., 2009; Travers & Cooper, 1994) are sufficiently well-designed to allow us to conclude that I.S. Schonfeld et al. 69 high levels of job stressors (e.g., student disruptiveness) adversely affect teachers’ MH.  Although the epidemiologic findings are mixed, population-based research indicates that teachers are at above-average risk for exposure to violence, with its own adverse effects on MH (Bloch, 1978). Longitudinal evidence that teachers’ coping efforts are effective, however, is weak (González-Morales et  al., 2010; Parker et al., 2012; Schonfeld, 2001). Research also underlines burnout-depression overlap, whether both are treated dimensionally or nosologically. Although construct overlap is a fundamental problem in scientific research (Cole, Walter, Bedeian, & O’Boyle, 2012), we believe the overlap has a positive side because extensive clinical trials have shown that therapies are effective in helping depression sufferers recover and may thus benefit “burnout” sufferers.