دانلود رایگان مقاله ساختار اکوسیستم و تاثیر نیروهای پنج گانه بر رفاه

Abstract

In today’s interconnected world, a web of entities rather than predominantly a single firm coordinates a set of activities that deliver utility to mutually connected consumers, thus creating ecosystems. In this article, we suggest that in the current, ecosystem-based production and consumption environment it isimportant to identify a new set of factorsthat determines businesssuccess. We then propose thatin order to develop a network-centric strategic mindset it is important to make a transition from the notion of firm-based competitive advantage to ecosystem-based nodal advantage by which products, services, or processes held by a single firm and affecting one or more ecosystems are exploited individually to improve business. To this end, we offer a new set of five forces that are likely to affect not only a node’s financial profitability but also its vulnerability within its ecosystem and the survival of the ecosystem itself. Based on these forces, we recommend strategic triangulation and the formulation of policies to prevent infra-nodal substitution, increase nodal stranglehold, and improve nimbleness to accommodate ecosystemic transitions.

8. Conclusion

In closing, we reemphasize that the notion of competition within and across ecosystems is more complex than that within industries. Therefore, a framework for assessing profit potential that relies on a rigid definition of an industry and on a partitioning of the profit drivers is likely to have increasingly limited application as ecosystems grow in popularity. Instead, there is a need to shift the focus from industry structure to ecosystem structure in order to identify the likely drivers of financial success conditional on strategic vulnerability. The new set of five forces outlined in this article should help managers in developing a network-centric mindset, giving increased importance to the drivers of nodal strangleholds and ecosystem defense, and shifting their end goal from profitability to nodal prosperity.