دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی حسابداری برای Slacks برای اندازه گیری ناکارآمدی پویا در تجزیه و تحلیل پوشش داده ها - الزویر 2018

Abstract

Slacks that arise when nonparametrically constructing technologies are relevant because they can be an important source of technical inefficiency. This paper extends the measurement of dynamic inefficiency in the full input-output space in the adjustment-cost theory framework to account for slacks. In particular, the paper develops the dynamic weighted additive model in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and shows its main properties. Additionally, the approach is illustrated by a real application. The empirical application concerns data on large firms in the dairymanufacturing industry in the main dairy-producing countries in the European Union (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, and the Czech Republic) from 2005 to 2012. The results show the differences in average dynamic inefficiency between the analyzed countries. The findings also indicate that, not surprisingly, firms are, on average, closer to their own-country frontier than the common frontier comprising all firms, regardless of country. Greater inefficiency was also found, on average, in the new approach when related to the dynamic framework that does not account for slacks.

Conclusions

The paper develops the DEA-based, dynamic-weighted additive model that accounts for slacks when measuring dynamic inefficiency in the adjustment-cost theory framework. The paper also summarizes and proves the main properties of the developed model. Our new model allows for projecting inefficient firms to the strongly efficient, dynamic frontier, so estimates Pareto-Koopmans efficiency in the dynamic context. Moreover, it measures dynamic inefficiency in the full input-output space. To illustrate, we applied the new approach to a recent dataset of large dairyprocessing firms in the main dairy-producing countries in the EU from 2005 to 2012. The results revealed that there were considerable dynamic inefficiencies in the sample of dairy-producing countries. The comparison between the new approach that accounts for slacks and the traditional dynamic approach, based on dynamic directional distance function, indicates that there are differences in dynamic inefficiencies. The new approach shows more inefficiency, which proves to be caused mainly by the inefficiency of investments. Future research efforts could focus on extending the dynamic weighted additive model developed in this paper to other measures within the family of weighted additive models such as, the range-adjusted measure (RAM) (Cooper et al., 1999), the bounded-adjusted measure (BAM) (Cooper et al., 2011) or the slacks-based measure (SBM) (Tone, 2001). As future research, the general model developed in this study for the case of the full input-output space can be also converted into its input-oriented or output-oriented versions. Another important extension of the current study would be applying the dynamic weighted additive model to the context of measuring productivity change over time and incorporating slacks.