دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی کارآفرینی زنان: یک مدل رابط کسب و کار خانوادگی و عملکرد - اشپرینگر 2018

Abstract

Recently, there are renewed calls to develop new models addressing the intricacies of women-owned businesses and the women that head them. A new conceptual model of women’s entrepreneurship that involves relationships between business-family-interface and firm performance is introduced in our paper. We test the model based on data from countries around the world and show that the model’s links depend on the country context. As a result, we identify new boundary conditions to the domain of female entrepreneurship. Implications are discussed.

Discussion and conclusion

Our past and ongoing research has tested and validated several associations in the PIE model. We found evidence of links between the family affective and organizational support and firm performance (the left-hand side of the triangle in Fig. 1). We also established a plausible connection between gender-related personal problems (the interference facet of the BFI) and firm performance (the triangle’s right-hand side in Fig. 1). We provided some support as to the existence of the relationship between the two BFI enrichment and interference components, either directly affecting each other or through moderation/mediation dependence (the triangle’s bottom side in Fig. 1). Finally, we also reported possible influences of the country context on the relationships among the BFI dimensions and firm performance.

We also offer an approach to studying the reverse links from firm performance to the BFI constructs within the PIE triangle. For this purpose, we suggest a modification of a standard, cross-sectional, design that would allow various analyses (including mediation) to be performed based on questions related to different points in time. As we mentioned earlier, it is plausible that firm performance may affect the BFI enrichment and interference dimensions. For example, female entrepreneurs who achieve visible success in their business endeavors may start being perceived by their family members differently. In some societies, this perception may be positive, in other milieus negative, thus affecting the level of the family support. This may contribute to changing levels of gender-related personal problems leading to several moderator/mediator scenarios. Likewise, a movement along and downward the right-hand side of the PIE triangle may also be envisaged. Personal problems may be affected positively or negatively, depending on the country context, and based upon the level of entrepreneurial success achieved. Subsequently, these problems may exercise a moderating/mediating influence on the relationship from firm performance to the enrichment component of the BFI.