Parasitic infections in both humans and animals are still rampant and appear to be increasing. There is a need for parasitologists, human and animal doctors to contribute toward the global eradication of communicable and food-borne diseases. The need for teaching parasitology, the recommendations and future perspectives are discussed in this article, and it is proposed that macrobiology should be recognized and taught as a subject area to include the study of eukaryotic organisms encompassing macroparasites.
Parasitology deals with the study of relationships between parasites and their biotic and abiotic environments, between parasites and their hosts, and their reactions towards each other. Parasitism is a way of life in which one species gains its livelihood at the expense of another [1–3]. Parasitic organisms range from 10 meter-long tapeworms to the enigmatic prions that appear to comprise protein, with a bewildering array in between, from prokaryotes and protists to metazoans which occupy every ecological niche imaginable [2]. In short, parasitology includes the study of microorganisms (studied as microbiology) and macroorganisms (which, logically, could and should be studied as macrobiology, as long as microbiology is used and identified as a field of study). Parasites have been used to develop models of basic biological phenomena. For example, in the 19th century, Von Beneden described meiosis, and Boveri demonstrated the continuity of chromosomes, both in parasitic nematodes. In the 20th century, refined techniques in physics and chemistry applied to parasites added to our understanding of basic biological principles and mechanisms. For example, Keilin discovered cytochrome and electron transport systems during his investigations of parasitic worms and insects [3].
Conclusion
Medical and veterinary students need to be trained to maintain the use and dissemination of parasitology during practice of their professions, and to sustain the manpower needs in these fields. It is necessary that medical and veterinary institutions in the USA reconsider their stance on the place of parasitology in their respective curriculums – to upgrade parasitology to the status of a separate subject area from microbiology, or to be named jointly as the department of microbiology and parasitology, as is the case at Georgia Veterinary School (GA, USA).