ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
Abstract
We present a dynamic network model of the knowledge production process for nanobiotechnology research at 25 US universities during 1990–2005. Universities produce knowledge outputs in nanobiotechnology consisting of Ph.D. graduates, research publications, and patents. Inputs include the university’s spending on R&D in engineering and the life sciences, and the university’s own stock of knowledge measured by past publications in nanobiotechnology. In addition, universities take advantage of the stock of knowledge produced by other universities in previous periods. We simulate the effect of the National Science Foundation being able to optimally allocate research funds for nanobiotechnology research between universities and across time so as to maximize the aggregate amounts of the three knowledge outputs produced by the universities.