دانلود رایگان مقاله شرکت دولتی: "شکست دولت" یا "شکست بازار"؟

Abstract

This article will analyze the activity of state-owned companies and their place in the structure of market relations from the standpoint of contemporary approaches to the study of “state failure” and “market failure”. It will also consider the implications of the systematic embedding of private property rights. In addition to considering the costs of the functions of state-owned companies, the authors address the actual experience of the Russian economy in the present day, the experience of forming state corporations and the risks associated with their operation. Particular attention will be paid to the inhibition of incentives to improve the general institutional environment and, conversely, to the increasing incidence of direct state intervention in matters that affect economic development. We will examine the various ways in which the growth of the public sector, de jure and de facto, reduces opportunities for implementing private property rights.

7. Conclusion

The arguments deployed above may bear witness to an inadequacy of comparison (even a somewhat primitive one) of the institutions of state and private property. The limitation stock companies with a strategic state participation and common (one might almost say communal) property were widespread. The structures that are taking shape in Russia at the present time display, in our view, a rather complex combination of the features of state and private enterprise. A deeper theoretical analysis of the issues in question will enable us to better understand the nature of property in the contemporary economy, to distinguish between stationary and non-stationary modes of appropriation of assets, to analyze the relationships between property and power and in particular to examine the functioning of mechanisms that can genuinely enforce property rights.

These issues will be just as relevant in regard to drafting short-term and medium-term applied regulatory measures and designing a long-term economic policy for Russia. At a time of measures that will be needed if stabilization and growth are to be achieved, the primary goals and rationale of the activity of practically all state companies should be reappraised. Simultaneously, we should bring into practice new mechanisms for the evaluation of government policy, based on the concept of complementarity, whereby the effect of a particular instrument is compared with alternative means of utilizing government resources and property. Particular attention should be paid to the need to achieve optimal proportions between state and private property in different sectors of the economy at a time when we are moving towards a new innovation-based type of economic development.