دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی طبقه بندی طیفی برای تشخیص آسیب های متعدد در محیط های پیچیده بالینی - الزویر 2019

abstract

Much effort is currently being placed into developing new blood tests for cancer diagnosis in the hope of moving cancer diagnosis earlier and by less invasive means than current techniques, e.g., biopsy. Current methods are expected to diagnose and begin treatment of cancer within 62 days of patient presentation, though due to high volume and pressures within the NHS in the UK any technique that can reduce time to diagnosis would allow reduction in the time to treat for patients. The use of vibrational spectroscopy, notably infrared (IR) spectroscopy, has been under investigation for many years with varying success. This technique holds promise as is would combine a generally well accepted test (a blood test) with analysis that is reagent free and cheap to run. It has been demonstrated that, when asked simple clinical questions (i.e., cancer vs. no cancer), results from spectroscopic studies are promising. However, in order to become a clinically useful tool, it is important that the test differentiates a variety of cancer types from healthy patients. This study has analysed plasma samples with attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), to establish if the technique is able to distinguish normal from primary or metastatic brain tumours. We have shown that when asked specific questions, i.e., highgrade glioma vs. low-grade glioma, the results show a significantly high accuracy (100%). Crucially, when combined with meningiomas and metastatic lesions, the accuracy remains high (88–100%) with only minimal overlap between the two metastatic adenocarcinoma groups. Therefore in a clinical setting, this novel technique demonstrates potential benefit when used in conjuction with existing diagnostic methods.

5. Conclusions

This study demonstrates that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is able to differentiate brain tumour types from blood plasma with accuracies of up to 100%. Further work is required to determine if this technique can discriminate tumours from complex non cancer related disorders in order to all clinical medicine to harness the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy within the clincal pathway, hopefully decreasing time taken from clinical presentation to diagnosis.