دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی انتخاب هوشمند برای شبکه هوشمند: اینترنت اشیاء کم‌پهنا - IEEE 2018

Abstract

The low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies, which is now embracing a booming era with the development in the Internet of things (IoT), may offer a brand new solution for current smart grid communications due to their excellent features of low power, long range, and high capacity. The mission-critical smart grid communications require secure and reliable connections between the utilities and the devices with high quality of service (QoS). This is difficult to achieve for unlicensed LPWAN technologies due to the crowded licensefree band. Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), as a licensed LPWAN technology, is developed based on the existing LTE specifications and facilities. Thus, it is able to provide cellular-level QoS, and henceforth can be viewed as a promising candidate for smart grid communications. In this paper, we introduce NB-IoT to the smart grid and compare it with the existing representative communication technologies in the context of smart grid communications in terms of data rate, latency, and range, etc. The overall requirements of communications in the smart grid from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives are comprehensively investigated and each of them is carefully examined for NBIoT. We further explore the representative applications in the smart grid and analyze the corresponding feasibility of NB-IoT. Moreover, the performance of NB-IoT in typical scenarios of the smart grid communication environments, such as urban and rural areas, is carefully evaluated via Monte Carlo simulations.

 CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, NB-IoT is proposed for the smart grid to provide secure and reliable communications among different components in the power system. To verify that NB-IoT is the smart choice for the smart grid, we first reviewed available communication technologies, including traditional technologies such as ZigBee and WiMAX as well as LPWAN technologies such as LoRa and NB-IoT. It is shown that the NB-IoT is able to provide communication services that simultaneously achieve long range, appropriate data rate, and high reliability. Then, a comprehensive investigation on the requirements of the smart grid was provided. NB-IoT is scrutinized against each of them, and is demonstrated to perfectly satisfy most of the quantitative and qualitative requirements, such as reliability, security, and scalability. Due to its latency insensitive characteristic, NB-IoT is only suitable for delaytolerant applications, such as AMI, DRM, G2V, and V2G. Simulations on the performance of NB-IoT in typical smart gird communication scenarios revealed that it is a satisfying technology for smart grid communications. Simulations also demonstrate that it performs better in the presence of LOS paths and the performance can be improved with the subcarrier interleaving technique.