دانلود رایگان مقاله اصلاح آموزش عالی در پرتغال در زمان عدم اطمینان: اهمیت illities به عنوان الزامات غیر کاربردی

abstract

This article shows that higher education reforms can create opportunities for higher education institutions (HEIs) to thrive under a legal umbrella that may reinforce their legitimacy, mandate, and contribution for societal development. This requires a profound consideration of illities affecting HEIs, including but not limited to affordability, accessibility, quality, capacity, adaptability and autonomy. The analysis, based on the Portuguese reform of higher education in the period 2006–2010, allows the identification of different policy implications in distinct orthogonal dimensions. Accessibility and affordability are found to be required to broaden the social basis of the “knowledge pyramid”, while capacity and quality require policies oriented to pull-up the top of that pyramid. The need to foster effective institutional autonomy and integrity of modern higher education institutions is reinforced in a context where innovation must be considered together with competence building and advanced training of people to work in increasingly globalized economies and labour markets.

7. Discussion and policy implications

This article argues that higher education reforms can create opportunities for HEIs to thrive under a legal umbrella to further reinforce their legitimacy and social contribution for societal development. This requires an exhaustive consideration of illities affecting HEIs (e.g., autonomy, accessibility, adaptability, flexibility, capacity). It requires policies towards the modernization of HEIs, and the expansion of the social basis for scientific and technological development (including its appropriation). The need to foster effective institutional autonomy and integrity of modern HEIs is reinforced in a context where innovation must be considered together with competence building and advanced training of people. This requires strengthening capacity at the top of the research system leading to knowledge production at the highest level. Our main argument is shown schematically by Fig. 4, which has clear policy implications. While accessibility and affordability require broadening the social basis of the “knowledge pyramid”, capacity and quality require policies oriented to pull-up the top of that same pyramid.