Abstract
This paper deals with the design of Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) controller to an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) tuned by recently developed Simplified Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm so called, Many Optimizing Liaisons (MOL) algorithm. MOL simplifies the original PSO by randomly choosing the particle to update, instead of iterating over the entire swarm thus eliminating the particle's best known position and making it easier to tune the behavioural parameters. The proposed method is compared with the earlier used PSO algorithm. For performance studies; Transient response analysis, Bode plot analysis and Root locus analysis are explained in details. The robustness analysis is done by varying the time constants of amplifier, exciter, generator & sensor in the range of -50% to + 50% with a step size of 25% respectively. The results of these analyses using the MOL algorithm are found to be better with respect to the analysis of the PID controller using PSO algorithm.
I. INTRODUCTION
IN a power system network, all the equipments are designed for rated voltage. Any considerable changes or deviation in the voltage levels considerably reduces the durability of the equipment also hampers the dynamics of the system. Moreover, as known that the system voltage is affected by the reactive power flow this in turn is affected by the real line losses. So, in order to minimize the real power losses, the system voltage level has to be controlled to a great extent. These problems can be solved by using an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) system applied to the power generating units [1]. The terminal voltage and the reactive power of the alternator are controlled by the AVR which in turn, also manages the proper sharing of the reactive power among all the alternators, connected in parallel.
