دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی شمارش تراکم حیوانات سم دار در سیخوته آلین - نشریه الزویر

Abstract

During four months in the winter period of 2002–2003, a census of four species of hoofed animals (red deer, sika deer, roe deer, and musk deer) was conducted in the study areas of the Sikhote-Alin Reserve and the surrounding area, including the territory of the planned Reserve Tavayza. The census was conducted on a monthly basis at two sites in the pine and broadleaved forest (nature Reserve and surrounding area) and at three sites in the oak and broadleaved forest. A total of 40 counts were made. Five fieldworkers were working at each site for two days. During the first day, the fieldworkers counted daily hoof prints and removed them. During the second day, newly appearing hoof prints were counted. In addition to the usual counting of crossings of hoofed animals, the number of individual animals was counted, as well. Thus, the census was conducted by two methods: counting of hoof prints in the tracks and counting of individual animals in a certain area. The results of these surveys were organized into a database which shows the relative density of hoofed animals (number of crossings of hoof prints per 10 km of the route) and absolute density of hoofed animals (number of individuals per km2 ). The analysis of absolute density of hoofed animals in different habitats and its correlation with the number of hoof prints per 10 km was performed.

Conclusion

Comparison of three methods used for the census of the number of hoofed animals has shown that the best results are obtained by using the differential method. Low regression coefficient values obtained using the hunting method suggests inadequacy or unreliability of the hunting method. It is possible to determine the density of hoofed animals by Formozov's formula using the results of winter route counting, with a route length of at least 200 km. The number of trackings of daily paths of each species of hoofed animals performed during the same winter must be at least 30. Comparing the costs for winter route counting with tracking of daily paths and two-day counting in study areas, it can be concluded that the latter requires much less funds and can be recommended as the primary method for calculating the density of hoofed animals.