دانلود رایگان مقاله الگوریتم اکتشافی برنامه نویسی خطی برای برنامه ریزی شارژ تخلیه وسایل نقلیه الکتریکی

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming an attractive alternative to gasoline vehicles owing to the increase of greenhouse gas emissions and gasoline prices. EVs are also expected to function as battery storages for stabilizing large fluctuations in the power grid through the vehicle-to-grid power system, which requires smart charge and discharge scheduling algorithms. In this paper, we develop a linear programming based heuristic algorithm on a time–space network model for charge and discharge scheduling of EVs. We also develop an improved two-stage heuristic algorithm to cope with uncertain demands and departure times of EVs, and evaluate the effect of the smart charge and discharge scheduling of EVs on a peak load reduction in a building energy management system.

7. Conclusion

We examined reducing the peak load in a BEMS by coordinating the charge and discharge schedules of EVs. We presented an LP based heuristic algorithm in a time–space network model to create a smart charge and discharge schedule of EVs within a limited computation time. We also developed an improved twostage heuristic algorithm to cope with uncertain demands and departure times of EVs. According to computational experiments for a BEMS, the two-stage heuristic algorithm achieves a peak load reduction and handles the uncertain demands and departure times of EVs within a limited computation time. Our computational results provide an incentive for individual enterprises to introduce EVs despite the limitation of the net feed-in tariff system.