دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی اثرات فاجعه به شرکتهای کوچک و متوسط در مالزی - الزویر 2018

Abstract

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the economy of many countries, crucial in terms of social inclusion, local employment and innovation. In the developed world, such as the European Union, around 99 percent of economic activities can be traced back to SMEs, accounting for almost 66 percent of all jobs in the private sector. A similar scenario can be seen in the developing world where SMEs account for over 90 percent of all enterprises. In Malaysia, SMEs contributed 32 percent of the country’s GDP, employed 59 percent of the nation’s workforce and contributed to 19 percent of its exports in 2013. However, SMEs are also exposed to various risks such as natural disasters those may affect their business badly. Therefore, this study is evaluating the impacts of natural disaster to SMEs in Malaysia. A survey was conducted among SME in Malaysia in 2016 to identify the type of disaster occurred and their impacts. The survey was also used to identify the problems for the SMEs in mitigating natural disaster. The results of this study show the impacts of natural disaster are severe for SMEs in Malaysia and flood was identified as the main natural disaster among them. Based on the result, recommendations were proposed for the SMEs to overcome or at least to reduce the impacts of natural disaster to their business.

5. Conclusion and recommendation

As a conclusion, SME plays significance role in the economy of many countries, crucial in terms of social inclusion, local employment and innovation. However, the SMEs are also exposed to various risks including natural disaster. The survey conducted for this study indicated that the impacts of natural disaster to SMEs in Malaysia are severe. Furthermore, many of the affected SMEs failed to cope and manage the risks of natural disaster because of their limited financial capability and expertise. Furthermore, weakness in delivering information of natural disasters is another issue that might increase the severity to the SMEs. In order to deal with this problem, numerous studies [26,27,20,28,29,30] agree that Business Continuity Management (BCM) is one of the approach can be used by SME. The BCM was introduced more than 30 years ago but its implementation among SME in developing countries is hard to be seen. In the last 30 years, BCM was used only by multinational and large companies to deal with information technology (IT) and computer problems. However, nowadays, many SME in developed countries are started to use it as disaster management approach. In addition, the government of developed countries also are started to provide BCM guidelines for SME in their countries. However, this paper will not discuss further on the roles of BCM as disaster management approach for SMEs and it will be investigated in other studies.