دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی اعتماد به نفس و درک فرهنگ سازمانی حرفه ای بهداشت حرفه ای و آمادگی برای EBP - الزویر 2018

ABSTRACT

Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an essential skill and ethical obligation for all practicing health professions clinicians because of its strong association with improved health outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that faculty who prepare these clinicians lack proficiency to teach EBP. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe; 1) health profession faculty beliefs about and confidence in their ability to teach and implement EBP, 2) use of EBP for education, 3) organizational culture and readiness for EBP; and to determine whether relationships exist among these variables. Design: This study used a cross-sectional, descriptive survey design. Setting and Participants: College of Nursing (CON) and College of Health Professions (CHP) faculty from a university located in the Northeast, United States. Faculty were defined as anyone teaching a course for the CON or CHP during the fall of 2016. Methods: Faculty were invited to complete an electronic survey measuring EBP beliefs, EBP use, and EBP organizational culture and readiness. The survey was comprised of three tools developed specifically for health professions educators in 2010 by Fineout-Overholt & Melnyk. Results: Sixty-nine faculty returned usable surveys (25.5% response rate). Mean EBP beliefs score was 89.49 (SD = 10.94) indicating respondents had a firm belief in and confidence in their ability to implement and teach EBP. Mean EBP use was 32.02 (SD = 20.59) indicating that respondents taught and implemented EBP between 1 and 3 times in the last 8-weeks. Mean EBP culture and readiness score was 90.20 (SD = 15.23) indicating essential movement toward a sustainable culture of college-wide integration of EBP. Mean scores for beliefs/ confidence were higher for full-time clinical faculty compared to other groups [F(2, 55) = 0.075, p = 0.928; ηp2 = 0.003)]. Adjunct faculty reported higher EBP behaviors expected by health profession educators in the last 8-weeks compared to other groups [F(2, 55) = 0.251, p = 0.779; ηp2 . =0.009)]. Adjunct faculty had the highest mean scores on OCRSIEP-E followed by full-time clinical faculty. These group differences in OCRSIEP-E were statistically significant [F(2, 49) = 7.92, p = 0.001; ηp2 = 0.244)]. OCRSIEP-E was significantly different between full-time tenure/tenure track faculty (M = 78.0, SD = 12.58) and full-time clinical faculty (M = 91.37, SD = 14.79, p = 0.027) and between full-time tenure/tenure track faculty and adjunct faculty (M = 97.19, SD = 12.39, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Faculty adoption of EBP as a foundational pillar of teaching is essential. Research is needed to define the scope of the problem internationally. Organizations need to set standards for faculty teaching in the health professions to be EBP proficient. Programs preparing faculty to teach in nursing and other health professions must include educator EBP competencies.

6. Conclusion

This study represents a small segment of health professions faculty perceptions of EBP related to their academic practice therefore, a national study is needed to further define the scope of the problem in higher education. There is a need to identify effective interventions for building EBP behaviors and organizational culture in academia. For starters, colleges and universities dedicated to training health professionals need to examine their mission and philosophy and add EBP if missing. Health professions educators should add EBP to their personal teaching philosophy and weave it into the curriculum. Policy organizations need to set standards for faculty teaching in the health professions to be EBP proficient. Organizations should provide resources to support faculty adopting an EBP culture in their teaching and academic practice. Organizations may also want to explore an EBP national certification which would add to the level of expertise for faculty. Lastly, programs preparing faculty to teach must include EBP competencies for the educator.