دانلود رایگان مقاله آیا اصلاحات بازار گرا بهبود بهره وری تولید برق صنعت برق چین را بهبود می بخشد؟ یک تحلیل تجربی

abstract

In 2003, China implemented market-oriented reforms to its electric power industry, aimed at improving the generation efficiency of its thermal power plants. In this paper, we use the polynomial functions, PLS (partial least squares) algorithm, and generation efficiency data from 1993 to 2012 to evaluate the effect of these reforms. Empirical analysis shows that the reforms caused a sudden down shift of 0.142 kW h per kg SCE (standard coal equivalent) to the “natural” generation efficiency curve of the thermal power industry, resulting in 555.8 million tons of SCE of wasted fossil energy during 2003e2012. This was mainly due to the non-implementation of electricity price bidding. To improve the generation efficiency of the thermal power plants, market competition should be further introduced into China's electric power industry as a matter of urgency. The major policy adjustment directions include: a) Electricity price bidding should be promoted by sub-region according to the unified trading rules designed by the central government; b) Over-the-counter transaction should be permitted; as well as c) Dynamic incentive mechanisms for renewable energy development should be established.

5. Conclusion and policy implications

To solve the problem of the low generation efficiency of the thermal power industry, China implemented market-oriented reforms in 2003. This paper uses the polynomial functions, PLS algorithm, and generation efficiency data from 1993 to 2012 to evaluate the effect of these reforms. Empirical results show that the trends in improvements in the generation efficiency of China's thermal power industry have decreased since the reforms. More specifically, along with a shape change in the efficiency curve, a suddenly down shift of 0.142 kW h per kg SCE also occurred in 2003. Further analysis shows that the former is a consequence of innovations in heating system for buildings in northern China. This should be encouraged, although it may lower the general electricity generation efficiency of the industry as a whole. The latter is mainly because of the nonimplementation of electricity price bidding which caused ineffi- cient dispatch decisions.