دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی چارچوب ارزیابی قابلیت همکاری در مدیریت بحران - نشریه الزویر

Abstract

It is noticeable the growth of various types of concerns in large centers, whether by citizens or public officials. In that sense, an important dimension is crises management such as in cases of natural disasters. This scenario calls for a task force in an attempt to predict or solve emergencies, especially in managing and integrating public and private spheres, which in turn are centered on public authorities, service providers, citizens, volunteers and systems. In order to allow the exchange of information and joint actions of those involved entities, the fulfillment of interoperability requirements becomes a critical factor to promote improved performance of the actions taken in these situations. Based on the literature and related worldwide initiatives, the main concerns and attributes of crisis management are identified from the perspective of interoperability. Founded on this knowledge a framework that supports a Disaster Response Management System (DRMS) development cycle is proposed focusing on a diagnostic step based on a multi-criteria decision analysis techniques (MCDA) to assess potential interoperability of a public entity or locality. The proposed MCDA method facilitates the specification of integrated solutions for the public sector to meet interoperability requirements in disaster management (DM) scenarios. In this paper the assessment method was based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process technique (AHP), and applied to a company involved in the DM domain, responsible for the information technology infrastructure of a city in the south of Brazil. The findings show the main gaps of the entity under the interoperability perspective, allowing the identification of key areas for improvement of its DM capabilities coherent to the DRMS deployment process.

5. Conclusion

This paper focused on a disaster management knowledge identification and assessment approach based on the AHP-based model called DIAM. An in-depth relational analysis was conducted to face the complex analysis of disaster management requirements dealing with interoperability barriers. A total of 127 requirements were split into functional and non-functional requirements and technical solutions by means of a two-step QFD design. A new relational method called IRM was conceived in order to support mapping of the main (filtered) DM requirements (total of 26) into interoperability perspectives based on Chen’s FEI [24]. The IRM acted as an important tool in designing the AHP structure of the DIAM, allowing a multi-layer diagnosis of the different organizational views – from the strategic level concerning business, conceptual and process interoperability perspectives down to a granular view on disaster management capabilities.

An application case based on an ICT company of southern Brazil, acting as a central entity in control of municipal information technology and communication infra-structure enabled relevant results and promising perspectives on the applicability of DIAM and DRMS improvements. Several unknown fragile capabilities are highlighted by the corroboration between DIAM and company experts and directors’ perceptions in organizational performance in disaster management scenarios. Moreover, influence (sensitivity) analysis of the DM requirements identified on the company’s overall maturity level, gave a preliminary support for a local agenda towards public and private efforts in facing municipal barriers.

It has been shown that crisis management should be directly linked to interoperability issues, allowing an integrated operation of all entities involved during an event. An interoperability assessment approach was then proposed to identify the potential interoperation in a disaster response management environment. The proposed DRMS development cycle framework was based on a set of reference architecture specifications (relating functional requirements to technical solutions), an interoperability diagnosis model (relating functional requirements to interoperability concerns) of a locality or private or public entity to achieve an interoperable architecture.