دانلود رایگان مقاله بررسی تکنولوژی باتری در حال ظهور برای ذخیره انرژی متصل به شبکه با ارزیابی فناوری ساختاری

abstract

The last decades have shown an increasing amount of research into expectations of science and technology. Especially for emerging technologies, expectations held by different stakeholder are guiding the direction of research and development. In this article the results of an investigation into the expectations of specific actors regarding the development of emerging battery technology for applications in the power grid are presented. It is set up as an explorative study within the framework of Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA). A number of studies since the 1990s have indicated a growing need for energy storage options in the power grid, where batteries appear to be capable of providing a range of valuable services to the grid. Cost-effectiveness on a large scale will however require considerable technical improvements. The configuration of energy storage may differ in the specific location and exploitation of the storage assets, as well as in the investments in new storage capacity. In this study the visions and expectations of several relevant actors are analysed using interviews and surveys in terms of expectations of technological development, expectations concerning stakeholder roles, and channels of interaction between the relevant actors. The results indicate a divide in expectations between the user side of the technology (the electric power industry) and the development side (academic researchers). Opinions differ with respect to the obstacles to technological development, the actors relevant in early technological development, and the most suitable channels for interaction between these actors. It follows from the theoretical background that conflicts in expectations provide the opportunity for the acceleration of technological development and adoption through stakeholder participation. Small interactive workshops, where conflicts identified in this paper are discussed, were identified as a suitable channel in order to reach consensus in visions and expectations for battery technology.

6. Conclusion

In this paper we have discussed the results of a preliminary CTA study by analysing the visions and expectations of actors relevant for the development of emerging battery technologies for grid-connected energy storage. It has been argued that, as emerging technologies are still in an early phase of development, researchers in academic institutes are at the moment the main actors involved with technological development. However, industry roadmaps and policy documents indicate a similar interest from electric power utilities as well as governments. The visions of actors regarding the development of the technology were investigated using the concepts Expectations, Positionings, and Spaces. These actors were scientific researchers as enactors, and professionals from the electric power industry as selectors.