دانلود رایگان مقاله اثر زیست محیطی انتشار هواپیما و مالیات بر سوخت هواپیما در ژاپن

abstract

This investigation analysed the growing impact of commercial aviation on CO2 emissions, as well as its potential impact on climate change. It reviewed the effects of the Japanese Aviation Fuel Tax (koukuukinenryouzei), which has been levied on fuel loaded into all domestic flights in Japan since 1972. Using a Bayesian structural time series model, based on monthly observations of fuel consumption between 2004 and 2013 provided by the Ministry of Land, Transport, Infrastructure and Tourism - Japan, this research estimated the effect that this tax has had on the national demand for aviation fuel. It was established that the fuel tax has unequivocally reduced the amount of CO2 emissions from aircraft.

6. Conclusions

Although the aviation sector is currently a relatively small contributor to global CO2 emissions, it is expected that it will emit substantially more CO2 in the future; therefore, it should not be ignored when considering measures to prevent global warming. This research has shown scientific evidence that illustrates the rapid growth of CO2 emissions attributable to the development of the aviation sector, and it has demonstrated conclusively that aviation fuel tax can realise a significant reduction in the CO2 emissions from aircraft, in a way that to the best of the authors' knowledge has not been done before.