دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی بررسی انتظارات عملکرد کارفرمایان برای فارغ التحصیلان جدید فناوری اطلاعات - امرالد 2018

Abstract

Purpose: In general, software development work environments involve many different tasks and have high demands on efficiency and quality of performance at both individual and team levels, which depend on the competencies of employees. However, the literature does not provide satisfactory evidence as for the characteristics and competencies of individuals. Especially, the employers’ expectations of new graduates have not been investigated in detail for different work environments.This study aims to examine employers’ expectancies regarding technical, personal and educational competencies among IT-graduated employees to provide a comparison between individual and team work settings. Design/methodology/approach: A survey approach was used for this purpose and the research model was tested using multiple regression. Findings: The results revealed that significant diversity exists in individual and team work settings regarding employers’ expectations for new graduates’ competencies in terms of adapting to new software development methods and approaches, using time effectively and experience gained in undergraduate projects. Originality/value: The results of this study will yield insight to computer-related departments in curriculum development by providing a comparison between the varying competencies required in individual and teamwork settings from the employer’s perspective. In the long run, the aim is to meet employers’ demands of the new graduates’ competencies, resulting in better individual and team performances in IT companies, thereby leading to successful software development.

Conclusion

In this study, differences in employer’s expectations regarding new graduates competencies for individual and teamwork settings was investigated. The data were analysed using three empirical categories; namely, technical competency, personal competency and educational background. The analyzed technical competencies include competencies in software development processes, the ability to adapt to new software development methods and approaches, and the ability to devise solutions to problems. The competencies in communication, leadership and time management were analyzed as personal skills, and for Downloaded by Göteborgs Universitet At 23:35 10 January 2018 (PT) the educational background, project experience during the undergraduate studies, language of instruction of university, and lastly, significance of accreditation were examined for individual vs. team settings from the employers’ perspective as well. The competencies in the ability to adapt to new software development methods and approaches, time management and project experience appear to be the only factors that significant difference exists in employers’ expectations for individual work and team work settings.

There are limitations to this study as well as suggestions for future research. First, the questionnaire was merely a “snapshot” instead of a longitudinal study. In light of such considerations, future research should also consider the socio-demographic characteristics of employers, organizational culture and other moderating factors into account any and/or all of which can affect employers’ expectations. Next, this work can be extended to include expectations of other organizations such as banks, government institutions, universities, etc., whose IT departments may implement or require software development projects. In addition, the differences in employer expectations in different cultures or countries could be further studied. Furthermore, other research methods and techniques such as interviews may provide a more in-depth understanding of the problem and issues. Also the same study could be performed using nonlinear regression. Finally, the sample size can still be increased nationally, even expanded internationally to improve the findings of the study.