Limitations and directions for future research
The research reported in this paper has a number of limitations. First, in our study, we identified two drivers of customer participation in innovation-related CEBs, namely, customer feedback and collaboration intentions. Future research can extend the model to include additional factors that capture the conceptual richness of CEBs, such as those conceptualized by Jaakkola and Alexander (2014) and Groeger et al. (2016) including influencing, augmenting, mobilizing and market/ brand co-creating behaviours. Second, the study is limited by the cross-sectional nature of the research that adopts subjective survey data to assess consumers’ perceptions of innovationrelated CEBs in social media where respondents might be biased with their answers or even inconsistent with their actual opinion or behaviour. Future research may use objective measurements to assess the actual CEBs on social media and how it translates to innovation opportunities for brands. Finally, the study context relied on retrospective assessments of US customers with brand pages using the Facebook social media platform to empirically assess the hypotheses. As such, future studies could explore the generalizability of the framework to other country settings and social media platforms such as Youtube and Instagram in Western markets and Weibo, WeChat in China.