ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
As nuclear power plants approach the end of their original design life and begin to transition to the life extension phase, consideration has to be given to the effects of structural aging when evaluating the extended operation of reinforced or pre-stressed concrete structures. Material aging of concrete is generally associated with changes over time in mechanical properties such as creep, modulus, and ultimate compressive and tensile strengths. Structural aging, on the other hand, is the combined effects of changes in the time-dependent material properties, the prior physical changes resulting from the structure’s past operating history, and the structure’s new loading environment. Because of the highly non-linear behavior of concrete structures, even under operating basis conditions, the structure’s response to future operational and loading conditions will have to be performed using non-linear methods that consider the structure’s changing physical conditions.