Introduction
Cassell, Myers, and Seidel (2015, CMS) examine the relation between the transparency of disclosures about activity in the bad-debt allowance, inventory allowance, and deferred tax assets allowance accounts and accruals-based earnings management. The study finds that firms manipulate earnings through accruals to a smaller degree when they provide transparent disclosures about activity in these allowance accounts. The authors also find that the placement of such transparent disclosures, whether in a summary schedule presented after the financial statements and notes or spread throughout the notes to the financial statements, does not provide additional information about firms’ accruals-based earnings management. The findings suggest that users of financial reports may use firms’ disclosure behavior as a signal of firms’ reporting behavior.