دانلود رایگان مقاله نقش الکترومغناطیس پالسی بر فعالیت آنزیم جوانه زنی

abstract

Researchers have focused their efforts on the use of magnetic field as a pre-sowing method, as it is an inexpensive, environmentally friendly technique. This study provides a holistic approach of an agricultural cultivation that can lead to the comprehension of the exact mechanism of magnetic field effect on plant and lead to the appropriate application of magnetic fields. Pulsed electromagnetic field was used for 0, 15, 30 and 45 min as a pre-sowing treatment in durum wheat seeds in a field experiment for three years. The experiment followed a completely randomized design, with four treatments (Control, MF-15, MF-30 and MF-45), two cultivars and three replications. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of magnetic field exposure on durum wheat seeds, covering a complete range of agronomic characteristics. The results obtained in this three-year experiment showed a positive impact of pulsed electromagnetic field, in durum wheat cultivation. Magnetic field has been found to enhance germination, tillering, dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and yield of two durum wheat cultivars. Duration of 30 and 45 min of pre-sowing magnetic field treatment gave the best results. Regarding yield measurement, all magnetic field treatments (MF-15, MF-30 and MF-45) gave statistically significantly higher values compared to control. In addition, α- amylase activity measurements showed that magnetic field affects enzymes and this could possibly explain the improved germination.

5. Conclusions

Pre-sowing pulsed electromagnetic field treatment enhanced germination, tillering, dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of two durum wheat cultivars. Duration of 30 and 45 min of presowing magnetic field treatment gave the best results. The exposure of seeds at magnetic field was found to increase the activity of α-amylase in the third and fourth day after sowing, thus giving an advantage during germination. Enhancement of germination, tillering, plant growth and physiology of durum wheat plants has led to increased yield in this three year experiment. Such studies provide a holistic approach of an agricultural cultivation that can lead to the comprehension of the exact mechanism of magnetic field effect on plant tissues and lead to the appropriate application of magnetic fields (Efthimiadou et al., 2014).