ترجمه مقاله برنامه ‌های کنترل کیفیت/ بیمه کیفیت روسازی آسفالتی در امریکا

Many of the State highway agencies (SHAs), in recent years, have adopted quality control/quality assurance (QC/QA) specification programs for the construction of asphalt pavements. This new specification is meant to improve the quality of the pavements through frequent testing and monitoring throughout the production and placement of the hot mix asphalt. With a QC/QA specification, the Contractor is responsible for the quality of the pavement, while the highway agency is responsible for the acceptance, rejection and/or price adjustment of that product. The University of Wyoming and the Wyoming Department of Transportation has combined their efforts to evaluate the effectiveness of QC/QA on the national level. In order to achieve this goal, a basic understanding of the status quo of the QC/QA programs is essential. A survey was prepared and distributed to the 50 SHAs to contrast and compare various QC/QA programs. Results of the survey indicated that 40 of 45 responding SHAs or nearly 90% have implemented an asphalt pavement construction QC/QA specification program. Although the first program emerged as early as in 1968, most of the programs were implemented after 1985, indicating that QC/QA are still in the stages of development. Different SHAs have different versions of QC/QA, which may vary significantly in the scope of QC/QA, QC responsibility, QA responsibility, QA testing, properties to be tested, certification of testers, variable control level, and incentive and disincentive policies. Previous evaluations of QC/QA by individual SHAs have resulted in positive reviews.