دانلود رایگان مقاله اصول اخلاقی بنتام، مارکس و رالز: در جستجوی سازش

abstract

This paper demonstrates how the three basic universal ethical principles widely used in social choice theory, can be deduced as being particular cases of the minimization of a p-metric distance function. Once this logic unity has been shown, it is postulated how the three principles can be combined by formulating an extended goal programming model. In this way, possible clashes between the three principles can be quantified. This quantification could be interpreted as being the degree of sacrifice of some of the principles in order to reach the final consensus. The operational character of the approach is illustrated with the help of a simple numerical example.

4. Conclusions

There is a noteworthy consilience underlying the proposed approach. In fact, the best-known ethical principles proposed by leading social scientists at very different moments of time and which are universally accepted, can be those precisely derived from the minimization of a p-metric distance function. Once this fact was incorporated into our analysis, it was quite simple to combine the three principles in order to quantify possible compatibilities, conflicts, trades-off, etc. It is also important to note that the proposed approach is very efficient from a computational point of view, since it only requires solving a small number of linear programming models of a moderate size.