دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی چگونگی دخالت دادن سکنه در برنامه ریزی طراحی شهری با استفاده از ابزارهای دیجیتالی - الزویر 2017

Abstract

Different cases of public disagreement in different European countries have shown recently that perusing a thorough planning process is by no means a guarantee for a broad public acceptance of an envisioned urban project. Consequently, the employment of digital media and tools to enable participation of inhabitants in urban planning processes on a massive scale is a promising, but currently not comprehensively analyzed approach. Our research activities are intended to gain an overview on a state of the art of research on communication channels, methods and best practices as well as to identify key challenges and promising strategies and tools to overcome these challenges with specific regards to large numbers of users and digital supported approaches. The latter aspects comprise the investigation of phenomena like participant selection, framing effects and gamified approaches for digital-mediated participatory processes as well as native language processing techniques to examine opinions as well as ideas of relevance from massive public feedback. To examine, we performed literature reviews of several hundred research articles, investigated cases in Germany, France and the Netherlands by interviews and workshops with stakeholders and employed methods of prototyping to conceptualize, develop and assess some promising approaches such as sentiment analysis in detail.

5. Conclusion and next steps

A current state of research on public participation in urban planning by digital means covers many facets. While the original concepts of public participation were primarily motivated by environmental and societal challenges as well as public participation in governance, topics of urban planning gained increasing importance especially during the last two decades. Against that background much research was done on phenomena such as participant selection, communication channels and methods. While most of the approaches of public participation in the pre-digital era dealt with small groups of participants and face-to-face workshops, the use of digital tools adds opportunities to easily involve large numbers of participants as well as to overcome restrictions of joining the same locality. Furthermore, several challenges arose, as for instance to extract information of relevance or to deal with heterogeneous technical prerequisites and communicational strategies. Against that background this article determines a state of the art on public participation in urban design planning by using digital tools. Due to the vast amount of research on public participation as well as the plurality of approaches and disciplinary domains involved, this article may strive for providing an overview on that topic and related aspects but will be limited in providing a comprehensive and complete view on a state of the art. Moreover, many topics of relevance could be dealt with only briefly and are discussed in more detail in further publications [10, 86]. A next step will be to further conceptualize a participative platform design taking the derived best practice and implications into concern. Since weaknesses of many previous research projects on digital tools for public participation are their poor involvement and testing in practical scenarios as well as often insufficient assessment and validation, our special regards are on intensive user testing and evaluation in real-life planning projects.