ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
To regulate the addition of cell wall components as cells expand and to control changes in cell wall composition as cells differentiate, there must be a feedback system that senses the state of the cell wall and transmits this information. The mechanisms underlying cell wall-intracellular signaling remain enigmatic despite the fundamental importance of such a system for normal growth. Cell wall proteins must play a role in this process. The most abundant cell wall proteins are extensins, but their relatively simple structure and the fact that they are covalently cross-linked within the cell wall suggests that they have a role in stabilization rather than signaling.
The LRX (for Leu-rich extensin chimera) proteins contain a C-terminal extensin domain and are tightly bound to cell walls, but their N-terminal Leu-rich repeat (LRR) domain presumably recognizes a ligand, and this interaction may participate in a cell wall signaling system (Rubinstein et al., 1995a, 1995b; Ringli, 2010). Consistent with this idea, genetic and biochemical studies have linked LRX proteins to cell growth and cell wall composition in growing root hairs and in overall plant growth (Baumberger et al., 2001; Draeger, et al., 2015).