ترجمه مقاله نقش ضروری ارتباطات 6G با چشم انداز صنعت 4.0
- مبلغ: ۸۶,۰۰۰ تومان
ترجمه مقاله پایداری توسعه شهری، تعدیل ساختار صنعتی و کارایی کاربری زمین
- مبلغ: ۹۱,۰۰۰ تومان
Strength reduction factors that are used to reduce design forces in earthquake resistant design are discussed. Based on recent research, the paper presents the different components of the so called R factors and discusses how these can be incorporated into a performance-based earthquake resistant design. The first component discussed is the reduction in lateral strength demand produced by nonlinear behavior in the structure which takes into account the hysteretic energy dissipation capacity of the structure. The paper presents first a summary and comparison of recent statistical studies on strength reduction factors computed for single-degree-of-freedom systems undergoing different levels of inelastic deformation when subjected to a large number of recorded earthquake ground motions. Despite having used significantly different ground motions data bases, results from various studies are remarkably similar. The main parameters that affect the amplitude of strength reductions are discussed.