Sexuality education for children and adolescents plays a crucial part in their sexual and reproductive health and general wellbeing. School and family usually share the responsibility of providing sexuality education but the outcomes are often unsatisfactory. This study reviews the evidence regarding the effectiveness of both parent-centered and school sexuality education programmes and factors characterizing families and family members associated in literature with sexual competencies, sexual risk behaviours and sexual health in children and adolescents. Of particular interest to this review is the exploration of new factors, associations and approaches relevant for parenting programmes and children’s sexual education and health.
